Nūhou - Nā Kumu Antenna: Nā Palena Antenna Kumu

ʻO nā mea me nā mahana maoli ma luna o ka zero loa e hoʻolaha i ka ikehu. ʻO ka nui o ka ikehu i hoʻolaha ʻia e hōʻike pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano like o ka mahana TB, i kapa pinepine ʻia he mahana ʻōlinolino, i wehewehe ʻia penei:

ʻO TB ka mahana ʻōlinolino (ka mahana like), ʻo ε ka emissivity, ʻo Tm ka mahana molekala maoli, a ʻo Γ ka coefficient emissivity o ka ʻili e pili ana i ka polarization o ka nalu.

ʻOiai ʻo ka emissivity ma ka interval [0,1], ʻo ka waiwai kiʻekiʻe loa e hiki ai i ka mahana ʻōlinolino ke hiki aku ua like ia me ka mahana molekala. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo ka emissivity kahi hana o ka alapine hana, ka polarization o ka ikehu i hoʻopuka ʻia, a me ke ʻano o nā molekala o ka mea. Ma nā alapine microwave, ʻo nā mea hoʻopuka kūlohelohe o ka ikehu maikaʻi ka honua me ka mahana like o kahi o 300K, a i ʻole ka lewa ma ke kuhikuhi zenith me ka mahana like o kahi o 5K, a i ʻole ka lewa ma ke kuhikuhi ākea o 100 ~ 150K.

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mahana ʻōlinolino i hoʻopuka ʻia e nā kumu kukui like ʻole e ka antenna a ʻike ʻia ma kaantennahopena ma ke ʻano o ka mahana antenna. Hāʻawi ʻia ka mahana e kū mai ana ma ka hopena antenna ma muli o ke ʻano ma luna ma hope o ke kaupaona ʻana i ke ʻano loaʻa antenna. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia penei:

ʻO TA ka mahana o ka antenna. Inā ʻaʻohe pohō mismatch a ʻaʻohe pohō o ka laina hoʻoili ma waena o ka antenna a me ka mea loaʻa, ʻo ka mana walaʻau i hoʻouna ʻia i ka mea loaʻa:

ʻO Pr ka mana walaʻau antenna, ʻo K ke kūpaʻa Boltzmann, a ʻo △f ka bandwidth.

kiʻi 1

Inā pohō ka laina hoʻoili ma waena o ka antenna a me ka mea loaʻa, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka mana walaʻau antenna i loaʻa mai ke ʻano ma luna. Inā like ka mahana maoli o ka laina hoʻoili me T0 ma luna o ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa, a ʻo ke koina attenuation o ka laina hoʻoili e hoʻopili ana i ka antenna a me ka mea loaʻa he α mau, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 1. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mahana antenna kūpono ma ka hopena o ka mea loaʻa:

Ma hea:

ʻO Ta ka mahana o ka antenna ma ka hopena o ka mea loaʻa, ʻo TA ka mahana o ka walaʻau antenna ma ka hopena o ka antenna, ʻo TAP ka mahana o ka hopena o ka antenna ma ka mahana kino, ʻo Tp ka mahana kino o ka antenna, ʻo eA ka pono wela o ka antenna, a ʻo T0 ka mahana kino o ka laina hoʻoili.
No laila, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka mana walaʻau antenna i:

Inā loaʻa i ka mea hoʻokipa ponoʻī kahi mahana walaʻau T, ʻo ka mana walaʻau o ka ʻōnaehana ma ka hopena o ka mea hoʻokipa:

ʻO Ps ka mana walaʻau o ka ʻōnaehana (ma ka hopena o ka mea loaʻa), ʻo Ta ka mahana walaʻau antenna (ma ka hopena o ka mea loaʻa), ʻo Tr ka mahana walaʻau o ka mea loaʻa (ma ka hopena o ka mea loaʻa), a ʻo Ts ka mahana walaʻau kūpono o ka ʻōnaehana (ma ka hopena o ka mea loaʻa).
Hōʻike ka Kiʻi 1 i ka pilina ma waena o nā palena āpau. ʻO ka mahana walaʻau kūpono o ka ʻōnaehana Ts o ka antenna a me ka mea loaʻa o ka ʻōnaehana astronomy radio mai kekahi mau K a i kekahi mau tausani K (ʻo ka waiwai maʻamau ma kahi o 10K), kahi e loli ai me ke ʻano o ka antenna a me ka mea loaʻa a me ke alapine hana. ʻO ka loli o ka mahana antenna ma ka hopena antenna i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka loli o ka radiation target hiki ke liʻiliʻi e like me kekahi mau hapaʻumi o kahi K.

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka mahana o ka antenna ma ka hoʻokomo antenna a me ka hopena o ka mea hoʻokipa ma nā kekelē he nui. Hiki i kahi laina hoʻoili pōkole a haʻahaʻa paha ke hōʻemi nui i kēia ʻokoʻa mahana i ka liʻiliʻi e like me kekahi mau hapaʻumi o ke kekelē.

RF MISOhe ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e loea ana i ka R&D a mehana ʻanao nā antennas a me nā mea kamaʻilio. Ua kūpaʻa mākou i ka R&D, ka hana hou, ka hoʻolālā, ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana o nā antennas a me nā mea kamaʻilio. Hoʻokumu ʻia kā mākou hui e nā kauka, nā haku, nā ʻenekinia kiʻekiʻe a me nā limahana laina mua akamai, me ke kumu paʻa o ka manaʻo loea a me ka ʻike hana waiwai. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kā mākou huahana i nā ʻano kalepa like ʻole, nā hoʻokolohua, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻāʻo a me nā noi ʻē aʻe he nui. Paipai i kekahi mau huahana antenna me ka hana maikaʻi loa：