Nānā Antenna: He loiloi o Fractal Metasurfaces a me Antenna Design

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka manaʻo o nā fractals e ka mea makemakika Benoit B. Mandelbrot i ka makahiki 1970, ʻoiai ʻo ke kumu o ka fractal geometry hiki ke huli ʻia i ka hana mua a nā mea makemakika he nui, e like me Cantor (1870), von Koch (1904), Sierpinski (1915). ), Julia (1918), Fatou (1926), a me Richardson (1953).
Ua aʻo ʻo Benoit B. Mandelbrot i ka pilina ma waena o nā fractals a me ke ʻano ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻano fractals hou e hoʻohālike i nā hale paʻakikī, e like me nā kumulāʻau, mauna, a me nā kahakai. Ua haku ʻo ia i ka huaʻōlelo "fractal" mai ka Latin adjective "fractus", ʻo ia hoʻi, "haʻi" a "haʻi", ʻo ia hoʻi i haku ʻia me nā ʻāpana haki a ʻokoʻa ʻole paha, e wehewehe i nā ʻano geometric ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka geometry Euclidean kuʻuna. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomohala ʻo ia i nā hiʻohiʻona makemakika a me nā algorithms no ka hana ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā fractals, i alakaʻi ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ka hui kaulana ʻo Mandelbrot, ʻo ia paha ke ʻano fractal kaulana loa a me nā hiʻohiʻona me nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī a pau ʻole (e nānā i ke Kiʻi 1d).
ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka hopena o ka hana a Mandelbrot i ka makemakika wale nō, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi nā noi ma nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka physics, computer graphics, biology, economics, and art. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohālike a hōʻike i nā hale paʻakikī a like like, loaʻa nā fractals i nā noi hou he nui i nā ʻano hana like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā wahi noi ma lalo nei, he mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō ia o kā lākou noi ākea:
1. Kiʻi kiʻi kamepiula a me ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, e hana ana i nā ʻāina kūlohelohe maoli, nā kumu lāʻau, nā ao, a me nā ʻano ʻano;
2. ʻenehana hoʻopili ʻikepili e hoʻemi i ka nui o nā faila kikohoʻe;
3. Ka hana kiʻi a me ka hōʻailona, ​​ka unuhi ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona mai nā kiʻi, ka ʻike ʻana i nā mamana, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻoemi kiʻi kūpono a me ke kūkulu hou ʻana;
4. Biology, e wehewehe ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me ka hui ʻana o nā neurons i loko o ka lolo;
5. Antenna theory and metamaterials, designing compact/multi-band antennas and innovative metasurfaces.
I kēia manawa, hoʻomau ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hoʻohana hou a me nā mea hou i nā ʻano ʻepekema, ʻenehana a me nā ʻenehana.
Ma ka ʻenehana electromagnetic (EM), pono loa nā ʻano fractal no nā noi e koi ana i ka miniaturization, mai nā antennas a i nā metamaterials a me nā papa koho koho pinepine (FSS). ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka geometry fractal i nā antenna maʻamau hiki ke hoʻonui i ko lākou lōʻihi uila, a laila e hōʻemi i ka nui holoʻokoʻa o ke ʻano resonant. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano fractal e kūpono iā lākou no ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano resonant multi-band a broadband. ʻO nā mana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā fractals he mea nani loa no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā reflectarrays, phased array antennas, metamaterial absorbers a me nā metasurfaces no nā noi like ʻole. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻonohonoho liʻiliʻi hiki ke lawe mai i nā mea maikaʻi, e like me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hui pū ʻana a i ʻole hiki ke hana pū me nā arrays me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ke kaʻawale ʻana, no laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka hana scanning maikaʻi a me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ke kūpaʻa angular.
No nā kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻo nā antenna fractal a me nā metasurfaces e hōʻike ana i ʻelua mau wahi noiʻi hoihoi i ke kahua o ka electromagnetics i huki nui ʻia i nā makahiki i hala. Hāʻawi nā manaʻo ʻelua i nā ala kūʻokoʻa e hoʻopunipuni a hoʻomalu i nā hawewe electromagnetic, me kahi ākea o nā noi i nā kamaʻilio uila, nā ʻōnaehana radar a me ka ʻike. ʻO kā lākou mau waiwai like e hiki ai iā lākou ke liʻiliʻi i ka nui me ka mālama ʻana i ka pane electromagnetic maikaʻi loa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia compactness i nā noi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lewa, e like me nā polokalamu kelepona, nā inoa RFID, a me nā ʻōnaehana aerospace.
Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antenna fractal a me nā metasurfaces ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i nā kamaʻilio uea, kiʻi kiʻi, a me nā ʻōnaehana radar, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe me ka hana i hoʻonui ʻia. Eia kekahi, ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nei ka geometry fractal i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā mea ʻike microwave no nā diagnostics material, ma muli o kona hiki ke hana i nā kaha alapine he nui a me kona hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia mau wahi i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hoʻolālā hou, nā mea hana, a me nā ʻenehana hana e ʻike ai i ko lākou hiki piha.
Ke manaʻo nei kēia pepa e loiloi i ka noiʻi a me ka holomua noiʻi o nā antenna fractal a me nā metasurfaces a e hoʻohālikelike i nā antennas fractal-based a me nā metasurfaces, e hōʻike ana i ko lākou pono a me nā palena. ʻO ka hope, hōʻike ʻia kahi loiloi piha o nā reflectarrays hou a me nā ʻāpana metamaterial, a kūkākūkā ʻia nā pilikia a me nā hoʻomohala e hiki mai ana o kēia mau hale electromagnetic.