Loiloi Antenna: He Loiloi o nā Metasurfaces Fractal a me ka Hoʻolālā Antenna

Ua hoʻolauna ʻia ke kumumanaʻo o nā fractals e ka makemakika ʻo Benoit B. Mandelbrot i nā makahiki 1970, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke kumu o ke geometry fractal i ka hana mua a nā makemakika he nui, e like me Cantor (1870), von Koch (1904), Sierpinski (1915), Julia (1918), Fatou (1926), a me Richardson (1953).
Ua aʻo ʻo Benoit B. Mandelbrot i ka pilina ma waena o nā fractals a me ke ʻano ma o ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻano fractals hou e hoʻohālike i nā ʻano paʻakikī, e like me nā lāʻau, nā mauna, a me nā kahakai. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka huaʻōlelo "fractal" mai ka huaʻōlelo Latina "fractus", ʻo ia hoʻi "haʻihaʻi" a i ʻole "haʻihaʻi ʻia", ʻo ia hoʻi i haku ʻia me nā ʻāpana haʻihaʻi a ʻano ʻole paha, e wehewehe i nā ʻano geometric ʻano ʻole a ʻāpana ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke geometry Euclidean kuʻuna. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomohala ʻo ia i nā hiʻohiʻona makemakika a me nā algorithms no ka hana ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā fractals, kahi i alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka set Mandelbrot kaulana, ʻo ia paha ke ʻano fractal kaulana loa a hoihoi i ka ʻike me nā ʻano paʻakikī a me nā hana hou ʻole (e nānā i ke Kiʻi 1d).
ʻAʻole wale ka hopena o ka hana a Mandelbrot i ka makemakika, akā he mau noi nō hoʻi ma nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ke kino, nā kiʻi kamepiula, ka biology, ka hoʻokele waiwai, a me ke kiʻi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohālike a hōʻike i nā ʻano paʻakikī a like ponoʻī, he nui nā noi hou o nā fractals ma nā ʻano like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou ma nā wahi noi aʻe, ʻo ia kekahi mau laʻana o kā lākou noi ākea:
1. Nā kiʻi kamepiula a me ka animation, e hana ana i nā ʻāina kūlohelohe, nā lāʻau, nā ao, a me nā ʻano i ʻike maoli ʻia a nani hoʻi;
2. ʻEnehana hoʻopili ʻikepili e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā faila kikohoʻe;
3. Ka hana ʻana i nā kiʻi a me nā hōʻailona, ​​ka unuhi ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona mai nā kiʻi, ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻopili kiʻi a me ke kūkulu hou ʻana;
4. Biology, e wehewehe ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā neurons i loko o ka lolo;
5. Ke kumumanaʻo antenna a me nā metamaterials, ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā antennas compact/multi-band a me nā metasurfaces hou.
I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomau nei ke ʻano hana fractal i nā hoʻohana hou a me nā hana hou i nā ʻano ʻepekema like ʻole, nā hana noʻeau a me nā ʻenehana.
I loko o ka ʻenehana electromagnetic (EM), he mea pono loa nā ʻano fractal no nā noi e pono ai ka miniaturization, mai nā antennas a i nā metamaterials a me nā ʻili koho alapine (FSS). ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke geometry fractal i nā antennas maʻamau hiki ke hoʻonui i ko lākou lōʻihi uila, a laila e hōʻemi ana i ka nui holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻano resonant. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke ʻano like ponoʻī o nā ʻano fractal e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea kūpono no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻano resonant multi-band a i ʻole broadband. ʻO nā hiki miniaturization kūlohelohe o nā fractals he mea hoihoi loa ia no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā reflectarrays, nā antennas array phased, nā mea hoʻomoʻa metamaterial a me nā metasurfaces no nā noi like ʻole. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea array liʻiliʻi loa hiki ke lawe mai i kekahi mau pono, e like me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hui pū ʻana a i ʻole ka hiki ke hana me nā arrays me ka spacing element liʻiliʻi loa, no laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hana scan maikaʻi a me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ke kūpaʻa angular.
No nā kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo nā antenna fractal a me nā metasurfaces e hōʻike ana i ʻelua mau wahi noiʻi hoihoi i ke kahua o nā electromagnetics i huki nui i ka nānā ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Hāʻawi nā manaʻo ʻelua i nā ala kūikawā e hoʻoponopono a kāohi i nā nalu electromagnetic, me kahi ākea o nā noi i nā kamaʻilio uea ʻole, nā ʻōnaehana radar a me ka ʻike ʻana. ʻO kā lākou mau waiwai like ponoʻī e ʻae iā lākou e liʻiliʻi i ka nui me ka mālama ʻana i ka pane electromagnetic maikaʻi loa. He mea maikaʻi loa kēia compactness i nā noi i kaupalena ʻia i ka lewa, e like me nā polokalamu kelepona, nā tag RFID, a me nā ʻōnaehana aerospace.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antenna fractal a me nā metasurfaces he hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i nā kamaʻilio uea ʻole, nā kiʻi, a me nā ʻōnaehana radar, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā mea hana liʻiliʻi a kiʻekiʻe me ka hana i hoʻonui ʻia. Eia kekahi, ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nei ke ʻano fractal i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā sensor microwave no nā diagnostics mea, ma muli o kona hiki ke hana ma nā ʻano alapine he nui a me kona hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana ma kēia mau wahi i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hoʻolālā hou, nā mea hana, a me nā ʻano hana hana e hoʻokō ai i ko lākou hiki piha.
ʻO ka pahuhopu o kēia pepa e nānā hou i ka holomua o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā antenna fractal a me nā metasurfaces a hoʻohālikelike i nā antennas a me nā metasurfaces e pili ana i ka fractal, e hōʻike ana i ko lākou mau pono a me nā palena. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi loiloi piha o nā reflectarrays hou a me nā ʻāpana metamaterial, a ua kūkākūkā ʻia nā pilikia a me nā hoʻomohala e hiki mai ana o kēia mau ʻano electromagnetic.