ʻEhā mau ʻano hānai kumu o nā antenna microstrip

ʻO nā ʻano hānai kumu ʻehā o nā antenna microstrip penei:

 

1. (Microstrip Feed): ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ʻano hānai maʻamau no nā antenna microstrip. Hoʻouna ʻia ka hōʻailona RF i ka ʻāpana radiation o ka antenna ma o ka laina microstrip, maʻamau ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o ka laina microstrip a me ka ʻāpana radiation. He maʻalahi a maʻalahi kēia ʻano hana a kūpono no ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā antenna microstrip he nui.

2. (Aperture-coupled Feed): Hoʻohana kēia ʻano hana i nā lua a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​puka ma ka papa kumu antenna microstrip e hānai i ka laina microstrip i loko o ka element radiating o ka antenna. Hiki i kēia ʻano hana ke hāʻawi i ka impedance matching maikaʻi a me ka pono o ka radiation, a hiki nō hoʻi ke hōʻemi i ka laulā kukuna ākea a me ke kū pololei o nā lobes ʻaoʻao.

3. (Proximity Coupled Feed): Hoʻohana kēia ʻano hana i kahi oscillator a i ʻole inductive element kokoke i ka laina microstrip e hānai i ka hōʻailona i loko o ka antenna. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka impedance matching kiʻekiʻe a me ka frequency band ākea, a kūpono no ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā antennas wide-band.

4. (Coaxial Feed): Hoʻohana kēia ʻano hana i nā uea coplanar a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaula coaxial e hānai i nā hōʻailona RF i loko o ka ʻāpana radiation o ka antenna. Hāʻawi pinepine kēia ʻano hana i ka hoʻohālikelike impedance maikaʻi a me ka pono radiation, a kūpono loa ia no nā kūlana kahi e pono ai kahi interface antenna hoʻokahi.

E hoʻopilikia nā ʻano hānai like ʻole i ka hoʻohālikelike impedance, nā ʻano alapine (frequency), ka pono o ka radiation a me ka hoʻonohonoho kino o ka antenna.

Pehea e koho ai i ka wahi hānai coaxial o ka antenna microstrip

I ke hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi antenna microstrip, he mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana i kahi o ka wahi hānai coaxial no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hana o ka antenna. Eia kekahi mau ʻano hana i manaʻo ʻia no ke koho ʻana i nā wahi hānai coaxial no nā antenna microstrip:

1. Symmetry: E ho'āʻo e koho i ke kiko hānai coaxial ma ke kikowaena o ka antenna microstrip e mālama i ka symmetry o ka antenna. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono o ka radiation a me ka impedance matching o ka antenna.

2. Ma hea ka nui o ke kahua uila: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i ka wahi hānai coaxial ma ke kūlana kahi i nui ai ke kahua uila o ka antenna microstrip, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ka hānai a hōʻemi i nā pohō.

3. Ma kahi o ke au e kiʻekiʻe loa ai: Hiki ke koho ʻia ke kiko hānai coaxial kokoke i ke kūlana kahi e kiʻekiʻe loa ai ke au o ka antenna microstrip e loaʻa ai ka mana radiation kiʻekiʻe a me ka pono.

4. ʻAʻohe kiko kahua uila ma ke ʻano hoʻokahi: I ka hoʻolālā antenna microstrip, inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻokō i ka radiation ʻano hoʻokahi, koho pinepine ʻia ka wahi hānai coaxial ma ka wahi kahua uila ʻole ma ke ʻano hoʻokahi e hoʻokō i ka hoʻohālikelike impedance maikaʻi a me ka radiation. ʻano.

5. Ka nānā ʻana i ke alapine (frequency) a me ke ʻano nalu: E hoʻohana i nā mea hana hoʻohālike e hana i ka ʻimi alapine (frequency sweep) a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ke kahua uila/aupuni e hoʻoholo ai i kahi kūpono o ka wahi hānai coaxial.

6. E noʻonoʻo i ke kuhikuhi o ke kukuna: Inā koi ʻia nā ʻano radiation me ke kuhikuhi kikoʻī, hiki ke koho ʻia kahi o ka wahi hānai coaxial e like me ke kuhikuhi o ke kukuna e loaʻa ai ka hana radiation antenna i makemake ʻia.

I ke kaʻina hana hoʻolālā maoli, pono pinepine e hoʻohui i nā ʻano hana i luna a hoʻoholo i ke kūlana kiko hānai coaxial kūpono ma o ka nānā ʻana i ka simulation a me nā hopena ana maoli e hoʻokō ai i nā koi hoʻolālā a me nā hōʻailona hana o ka antenna microstrip. I ka manawa like, ʻo nā ʻano antenna microstrip like ʻole (e like me nā antenna patch, nā antenna helical, a pēlā aku) e loaʻa paha kekahi mau noʻonoʻo kikoʻī i ke koho ʻana i kahi o ka kiko hānai coaxial, e koi ana i ka nānā kikoʻī a me ka hoʻonui ʻana e pili ana i ke ʻano antenna kikoʻī a me ke ʻano noi. .

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka antenna microstrip a me ka antenna patch

ʻO ka antenna microstrip a me ka antenna patch ʻelua mau antenna liʻiliʻi maʻamau. Loaʻa iā lākou kekahi mau ʻokoʻa a me nā ʻano:

1. ʻAno a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana:

- ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo kahi antenna microstrip he ʻāpana microstrip a me kahi papa honua. Hana ka ʻāpana microstrip ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomālamalama a ua pili ʻia i ka papa honua ma o kahi laina microstrip.

- ʻO nā antenna patch he mau ʻāpana alakaʻi i kālai pololei ʻia ma kahi substrate dielectric a ʻaʻole pono nā laina microstrip e like me nā antenna microstrip.

2. Ka nui a me ke ʻano:

- He liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā antenna microstrip, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā kāʻei alapine microwave, a he hoʻolālā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi.

- Hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia nā antenna patch e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia, a i kekahi mau hihia kikoʻī, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou nui.

3. Ka laulā alapine (frequency):

- Hiki i ka laulā alapine (frequency) o nā antenna microstrip ke piʻi mai nā haneli megahertz a i kekahi mau gigahertz, me kekahi mau ʻano broadband.

- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o nā antennas patch i nā kāʻei alapine kikoʻī a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā noi alapine kikoʻī.

4. Kaʻina hana:

- Hana pinepine ʻia nā antennas Microstrip me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana papa kaapuni i paʻi ʻia, hiki ke hana nui ʻia a he haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai.

- Hana pinepine ʻia nā antennas patch me nā mea silicon a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea kūikawā ʻē aʻe, loaʻa kekahi mau koi hana, a kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.

5. Nā ʻano polarization:

- Hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia nā antennas Microstrip no ka polarization linear a i ʻole ka polarization circular, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i kahi kekelē o ka maʻalahi.

- ʻO nā ʻano polarization o nā antenna patch e hilinaʻi pinepine ʻia i ke ʻano a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka antenna a ʻaʻole like me ka maʻalahi e like me nā antenna microstrip.

Ma keʻano laulā, ʻokoʻa nā antenna microstrip a me nā antenna patch i ke ʻano, ka laulā alapine, a me ke kaʻina hana. Pono ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano antenna kūpono e kau ʻia ma luna o nā koi noi kikoʻī a me nā noʻonoʻo hoʻolālā.

Nā ʻōlelo paipai no ka huahana antenna Microstrip: