Nūhou - ʻO ka Planar Spiral Antenna: I ka wā e koʻikoʻi ai ka Bandwidth

E nīnau i kekahi ʻenekinia antenna e pili ana i ka hana wideband, a ʻo ka mea paha e kū mai nā antennas wili planar i ka wā mua o ke kamaʻilio ʻana. ʻO kēia mau ʻano pālahalaha, poepoe—me nā lima e piʻo ana i waho e like me ka manamana lima a i ʻole ka galaxy—ua hoʻoponopono nei i nā pilikia bandwidth mai ka makahiki 1950. A ke hana mau nei lākou i kēia lā.

He aha ka Planar Spiral Antenna?

Ma kona ʻano maʻalahi loa, heantenna wili pālahalahaʻelua a ʻoi aku paha nā lima metala i kālai ʻia ma luna o kahi substrate dielectric lahilahi, e wili ana i waho mai kahi kiko hānai waena. ʻElua mau hoʻolālā e noho aliʻi nei: ʻo ka wili Archimedean, kahi e pālahalaha ai nā lima ma kahi wikiwiki mau, a me ka wili logarithmic, kahi e ulu nui ai ke kūlou. Hoʻokō lāua ʻelua i ka pahuhopu like - bandwidth ākea loa - akā ma o ke geometry ʻokoʻa iki.

Aia ke kī i kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka manaʻo "ʻāpana hana". Ma kahi alapine i hāʻawi ʻia, ʻo kahi ʻāpana apo kikoʻī o ka wili—kahi e kūlike ai ke anapuni me ka nalu—e hoʻolaha ikaika ana. E hoʻololi i ke alapine, a neʻe wale ka ʻāpana hana i loko a i waho paha ma nā lima. ʻAʻole mālama ka antenna i ke alapine āu e hoʻolei ai iā ia; hoʻomau wale ia i ka hana.

No ke aha e koho ai i kahi Planar Spiral?

1. Hana ʻoi loa-Wideband

ʻO kēia ka hiʻohiʻona poʻomanaʻo. Hiki i kahi wili i hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻia ke hana ma luna o nā lakio alapine o 10:1 a i ʻole 20:1—mai kekahi mau haneli MHz a i nā ʻumi o GHz—me kahi hānai hoʻokahi. No nā ʻōnaehana e pono ai e uhi i nā hui he nui me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā antennas, he mea hoʻololi pāʻani kēlā.

2. PōʻaiPolarization e ke ʻano maoli

Hoʻopuka maoli nā antenna wili i ka polarization pōʻai. ʻAʻohe polarizers waho, ʻaʻohe paʻakikī keu. ʻO kēia ka mea e kūpono ai lākou no nā kamaʻilio ukali, GPS, a me nā noi āpau kahi e hopohopo ai ka polarization mismatch a i ʻole ka Faraday rotation.

3. Haʻahaʻa ka Profile a me ka Māmā

Ma muli o ka paʻi ʻia ʻana ma nā substrates lahilahi, he pālahalaha a māmā nā wili planar. Hiki ke kau ʻia ma luna o nā ʻili, kūlike me nā ʻano piʻo, a i ʻole e hoʻohui pololei ʻia i loko o nā ʻōnaehana kahi e pilikia ai ka nui.

4. ʻAno kūlike ma waena o ka Bandwidth

ʻAʻole e like me kekahi mau antenna wideband e hoʻololi i ko lākou ʻano kukuna me ke alapine (frequency), mālama nā wili i kahi ʻano paʻa—ʻo ia hoʻi nā kukuna bidirectional e pālahalaha ana i ka mokulele. He mea nui kēia wānana i ka wā e hoʻolālā ana ʻoe a puni ka uhi ʻana.

Ma hea ʻoe e loaʻa ai iā lākou

•Kaua Uila a me ke Kiaʻi ʻana：ʻO nā ʻōnaehana e pono ai ke ʻike, hoʻopaʻa, a i ʻole ke kāohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona ma kahi ākea ākea e hilinaʻi nei i nā wili. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe maopopo i kahi e puka mai ai ka hoʻoweliweli—a i ʻole ke alapine (frequency) e hoʻohana ai—pono ʻoe i kahi antenna i mālama ʻole ʻia.

•Pūnaewele ākeaNānā a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana：Ma nā keʻena hoʻokolohua EMC a me nā kikowaena nānā spectrum, lawelawe nā wili i mau kuhikuhi hilinaʻi no ke ana ʻana i nā antennas a me nā ʻōnaehana ma nā hui he nui me kahi hoʻonohonoho hoʻokahi.

•Nā Kamaʻilio Satellite a me GPS：ʻO ka polarization poepoe kūlohelohe a me ka bandwidth ākea e hoʻolilo i nā wili i koho paʻa no nā kikowaena honua a me nā antennas spaceborne, ʻoiai ke pono e uhi ʻia nā kaula alapine he nui.

•Radar Penetrating Honua：ʻO nā pulse pōkole ke ʻano o ka bandwidth ākea. Hoʻokele nā spirals i nā hōʻailona like me ka impulse i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kiʻi ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻili me ka ʻole o ke kani ʻana a i ʻole ka distortion.

He Manaʻo mai ka Lab

Ua ʻōlelo kekahi hoa hana, "Me kahi wili, ke kālepa nei ʻoe i ka loaʻa no ka bandwidth—a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he kālepa kūpono kēlā." Ua pololei ʻo ia. I loko o kahi honua kahi i hiki ʻole ke wānana ʻia nā hōʻailona a ke neʻe mau nei nā hoʻokaʻawale alapine, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi antenna e mālama ʻole ana i ka alapine he mea waiwai ia e pono ke uku ʻia.

Nā Antennas Spiral Planar RFMiso

Hāʻawi mākou i nā antennas wili planar e uhi ana i nā alapine (frequency) mai UHF a i ka millimeter-wave, me nā koho no ke kākoʻo ʻana o ke ana a me nā substrates maʻamau. Inā ʻoe e kūkulu ana i kahi ʻōnaehana EW a i ʻole e hoʻonohonoho ana i kahi kikowaena nānā broadband, loaʻa iā mākou kahi hoʻolālā e kūpono.